| Records |
| Author |
Salzer, Y.; Friedman, J. |
| Title |
Reaching trajectories unravel modality-dependent temporal dynamics of the automatic process in the Simon task: a model-based approach |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Psychological Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Psychol Res |
| Volume |
84 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1700-1713 |
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| Abstract |
The Simon effect represents a phenomenon in which the location of the stimuli affects the speed and accuracy of the response, despite being irrelevant for the task demands. This is believed to be due to an automatic activation of a response corresponding to the location of the stimuli, which conflicts with the controlled decision process based on relevant stimuli features. Previously, differences in the nature of the Simon effect (i.e., the pattern of change of the effect across the distribution of response times) between visual and somatosensory stimuli were reported. We hypothesize that the temporal dynamics of visual and somatosensory automatic and controlled processes vary, thus driving the reported behavioral differences. While most studies have used response times to study the underlying mechanisms involved, in this study we had participants reach out to touch the targets and recorded their arm movements using a motion capture system. Importantly, the participants started their movements before a final decision was made. In this way, we could analyze the movements to gain insights into the competition between the automatic and controlled processes. We used this technique to describe the results in terms of a model assuming automatic activation due to location-based evidence, followed by inhibition. We found that for the somatosensory Simon effect, the decay of the automatic process is significantly slower than for the visual Simon effect, suggesting quantitative differences in this automatic process between the visual and somatosensory modalities. |
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0340-0727 |
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PMID:30980236 |
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97 |
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Kaufman-Cohen, Y.; Levanon, Y.; Friedman, J.; Yaniv, Y.; Portnoy, S. |
| Title |
Home exercise in the dart-throwing motion plane after distal radius fractures: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Hand Therapy |
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103 |
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| Author |
Zacks, O.; Friedman, J. |
| Title |
Analogies can speed up the motor learning process |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
6932 |
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Analogies have been shown to improve motor learning in various tasks and settings. In this study we tested whether applying analogies can shorten the motor learning process and induce insight and skill improvement in tasks that usually demand many hours of practice. Kinematic measures were used to quantify participant's skill and learning dynamics. For this purpose, we used a drawing task, in which subjects drew lines to connect dots, and a mirror game, in which subjects tracked a moving stimulus. After establishing a baseline, subjects were given an analogy, explicit instructions or no further instruction. We compared their improvement in skill (quantified by coarticulation or smoothness), accuracy and movement duration. Subjects in the analogy and explicit groups improved their coarticulation in the target task, while significant differences were found in the mirror game only at a slow movement frequency between analogy and controls.We conclude that a verbal analogy can be a useful tool for rapidly changing motor kinematics and movement strategy in some circumstances, although in the tasks selected it did not produce better performance in most measurements than explicit guidance. Furthermore, we observed that different movement facets may improve independently from others, and may be selectively affected by verbal instructions. These results suggest an important role for the type of instruction in motor learning. |
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Dept. of Physical Therapy, Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel |
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2045-2322 |
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PMID:32332826; PMCID:PMC7181737 |
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Penn State @ write.to.jason @ |
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105 |
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Lerner, O.; Friedman, J.; Frenkel-Toledo, S. |
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The effect of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation intensity on motor performance in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J NeuroEngineering Rehabil |
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18 |
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103 |
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1743-0003 |
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no |
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109 |
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Krasovsky, T.; Keren-Capelovitch, T.; Friedman, J.; Weiss, P.L. |
| Title |
Self-feeding kinematics in an ecological setting: typically developing children and children with cerebral palsy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering : a Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng |
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1462-1469 |
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Assessment of self-feeding kinematics is seldom performed in an ecological setting. In preparation for development of an instrumented spoon for measurement of self-feeding in children with cerebral palsy (CP), the current work aimed to evaluate upper extremity kinematics of self-feeding in young children with typical development (TD) and a small, age-matched group of children with CP in a familiar setting, while eating with a spoon. METHODS: Sixty-five TD participants and six children diagnosed with spastic CP, aged 3-9 years, fed themselves while feeding was measured using miniature three-dimensional motion capture sensors (trakStar). Kinematic variables associated with different phases of self-feeding cycle (movement time, curvature, time to peak velocity and smoothness) were compared across age-groups in the TD sample and between TD children and those with CP. RESULTS: Significant between-age group differences were identified in movement times, time to peak velocity and curvature. Children with CP demonstrated slower, less smooth self-feeding movements, potentially related to activity limitations. CONCLUSIONS: The identified kinematic variables form a basis for implementation of self-feeding performance assessment in children of different ages, including those with CP, which can be deployed via an instrumented spoon. |
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1534-4320 |
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PMID:34280104 |
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no |
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110 |
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