| Records |
| Author |
Frenkel-Toledo, S.; Yamanaka, J.; Friedman, J.; Feldman, A.G.; Levin, M.F. |
| Title |
Referent control of anticipatory grip force during reaching in stroke: an experimental and modeling study |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication  |
Experimental Brain Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Exp Brain Res |
| Volume |
237 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1655-1672 |
| Keywords |
Anticipatory grip force; Referent control; Stroke |
| Abstract |
To evaluate normal and impaired control of anticipatory grip force (GF) modulation, we compared GF production during horizontal arm movements in healthy and post-stroke subjects, and, based on a physiologically feasible dynamic model, determined referent control variables underlying the GF-arm motion coordination in each group. 63% of 13 healthy and 48% of 13 stroke subjects produced low sustained initial force (< 10 N) and increased GF prior to arm movement. Movement-related GF increases were higher during fast compared to self-paced arm extension movements only in the healthy group. Differences in the patterns of anticipatory GF increases before the arm movement onset between groups occurred during fast extension arm movement only. In the stroke group, longer delays between the onset of GF change and elbow motion were related to clinical upper limb deficits. Simulations showed that GFs could emerge from the difference between the actual and the referent hand aperture (Ra) specified by the CNS. Similarly, arm movement could result from changes in the referent elbow position (Re) and could be affected by the co-activation (C) command. A subgroup of stroke subjects, who increased GF before arm movement, could specify different patterns of the referent variables while reproducing the healthy typical pattern of GF-arm coordination. Stroke subjects, who increased GF after arm movement onset, also used different referent strategies than controls. Thus, altered anticipatory GF behavior in stroke subjects may be explained by deficits in referent control. |
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English |
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0014-4819 |
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PMID:30976821 |
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no |
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98 |
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| Author |
Awasthi, B.; Sowman, P.F.; Friedman, J.; Williams, M.A. |
| Title |
Distinct spatial scale sensitivities for early categorisation of Faces and Places: Neuromagnetic and Behavioural Findings |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
91 |
Pages |
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| Abstract |
Research exploring the role of spatial frequencies in rapid stimulus detection and categorisation report flexible reliance on specific spatial frequency bands. Here, through a set of behavioural and magnetoencephalography (MEG) experiments, we investigated the role of low spatial frequency (LSF)(25 cpf) information during the categorisation of faces and places. Reaction time measures revealed significantly faster categorisation of faces driven by LSF information, while rapid categorisation of places was facilitated by HSF information. The MEG study showed significantly earlier latency of the M170 component for LSF faces compared to HSF faces. Moreover, the M170 amplitude was larger for LSF faces than for LSF places, whereas the reverse pattern was evident for HSF faces and places. These results suggest that spatial frequency modulates the processing of category specific information for faces and places. |
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1662-5161 |
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no |
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67 |
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| Author |
Friedman, J.; Korman, M. |
| Title |
Offline Optimization of the Relative Timing of Movements in a Sequence Is Blocked by Retroactive Behavioral Interference |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Hum. Neurosci. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
623 |
| Keywords |
learning; interference; consolidation; finger movements; kinematics |
| Abstract |
Acquisition of motor skills often involves the concatenation of single movements into sequences. Along the course of learning, sequential performance becomes progressively faster and smoother, presumably by optimization of both motor planning and motor execution. Following its encoding during training, “how-to” memory undergoes consolidation, reflecting transformations in performance and its neurobiological underpinnings over time. This offline post-training memory process is characterized by two phenomena: reduced sensitivity to interference and the emergence of delayed, typically overnight, gains in performance. Here, using a training protocol that effectively induces motor sequence memory consolidation, we tested temporal and kinematic parameters of performance within (online) and between (offline) sessions, and their sensitivity to retroactive interference. One group learned a given finger-to-thumb opposition sequence (FOS), and showed robust delayed (consolidation) gains in the number of correct sequences performed at 24 h. A second group learned an additional (interference) FOS shortly after the first and did not show delayed gains. Reduction of touch times and inter-movement intervals significantly contributed to the overall offline improvement of performance overnight. However, only the offline inter-movement interval shortening was selectively blocked by the interference experience. Velocity and amplitude, comprising movement time, also significantly changed across the consolidation period but were interference-insensitive. Moreover, they paradoxically canceled out each other. Current results suggest that shifts in the representation of the trained sequence are subserved by multiple processes: from distinct changes in kinematic characteristics of individual finger movements to high-level, temporal reorganization of the movements as a unit. Each of these processes has a distinct time course and a specific susceptibility to retroactive interference. This multiple-component view may bridge the gap in understanding the link between the behavioral changes, which define online and offline learning, and the biological mechanisms that support those changes. |
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1662-5161 |
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no |
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83 |
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Mimouni-Bloch, A.; Shaklai, S.; Levin, M.; Ingber, M.; Karolitsky, T.; Grunbaum, S.; Friedman, J. |
| Title |
Developmental and acquired brain injury have opposite effects on finger coordination in children |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Hum. Neurosci. |
| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1083304 |
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1662-5161 |
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no |
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119 |
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| Author |
Noy, L.; Weiser, N.; Friedman, J. |
| Title |
Synchrony in Joint Action Is Directed by Each Participant's Motor Control System |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Psychol. |
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
531 |
| Keywords |
visuomotor tracking; mirror game; intermittent control; joint action; motor control |
| Abstract |
In this work, we ask how the probability of achieving synchrony in joint action is affected by the choice of motion parameters of each individual. We use the mirror game paradigm to study how changes in leader�s motion parameters, specifically frequency and peak velocity, affect the probability of entering the state of co-confidence (CC) motion: a dyadic state of synchronized, smooth and co-predictive motions. In order to systematically study this question, we used a one-person version of the mirror game, where the participant mirrored piece-wise rhythmic movements produced by a computer on a graphics tablet. We systematically varied the frequency and peak velocity of the movements to determine how these parameters affect the likelihood of synchronized joint action. To assess synchrony in the mirror game we used the previously developed marker of co-confident (CC) motions: smooth, jitter-less and synchronized motions indicative of co-predicative control. We found that when mirroring movements with low frequencies (i.e., long duration movements), the participants never showed CC, and as the frequency of the stimuli increased, the probability of observing CC also increased. This finding is discussed in the framework of motor control studies showing an upper limit on the duration of smooth motion. We confirmed the relationship between motion parameters and the probability to perform CC with three sets of data of open-ended two-player mirror games. These findings demonstrate that when performing movements together, there are optimal movement frequencies to use in order to maximize the possibility of entering a state of synchronized joint action. It also shows that the ability to perform synchronized joint action is constrained by the properties of our motor control systems. |
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1664-1078 |
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no |
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84 |
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