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Author |
Biess, A.; Liebermann, D.G.; Flash, T. |
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Title |
A computational model for redundant human three-dimensional pointing movements: integration of independent spatial and temporal motor plans simplifies movement dynamics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Neurosci |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
48 |
Pages |
13045-13064 |
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Keywords |
Analysis of Variance; Arm/physiology; Biomechanics; *Computer Simulation; Humans; *Models, Biological; Movement/*physiology; *Nonlinear Dynamics; Posture/physiology; Psychomotor Performance/*physiology; Range of Motion, Articular/physiology; Reaction Time/physiology; Space Perception/*physiology; Time Factors; Torque |
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Abstract |
Few computational models have addressed the spatiotemporal features of unconstrained three-dimensional (3D) arm motion. Empirical observations made on hand paths, speed profiles, and arm postures during point-to-point movements led to the assumption that hand path and arm posture are independent of movement speed, suggesting that the geometric and temporal properties of movements are decoupled. In this study, we present a computational model of 3D movements for an arm with four degrees of freedom based on the assumption that optimization principles are separately applied at the geometric and temporal levels of control. Geometric properties (path and posture) are defined in terms of geodesic paths with respect to the kinetic energy metric in the Riemannian configuration space. Accordingly, a geodesic path can be generated with less muscular effort than on any other, nongeodesic path, because the sum of all configuration-speed-dependent torques vanishes. The temporal properties of the movement (speed) are determined in task space by minimizing the squared jerk along the selected end-effector path. The integration of both planning levels into a single spatiotemporal representation simplifies the control of arm dynamics along geodesic paths and results in movements with near minimal torque change and minimal peak value of kinetic energy. Thus, the application of Riemannian geometry allows for a reconciliation of computational models previously proposed for the description of arm movements. We suggest that geodesics are an emergent property of the motor system through the exploration of dynamical space. Our data validated the predictions for joint trajectories, hand paths, final postures, speed profiles, and driving torques. |
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Department of Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel. armin.biess@weizmann.ac.il |
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0270-6474 |
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PMID:18045899 |
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35 |
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Author |
Liebermann, D.G.; Franks, I. M. |
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Title |
The use of feedback-based technologies in skill acquisition |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Notational analysis of Sport and Coaching Science |
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E & FN Spon Pub |
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M. Hughes; I.M. Franks |
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45 |
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Author |
Liebermann, D.G |
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Title |
Biomechanical aspects of motor control in human landing |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2008 |
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Routledge Handbook of Biomechanics and Human Movement Science |
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Routledge Ltd |
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R. Bartlett; Y. Hong |
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47 |
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Author |
Liebermann, D.G.; Franks I.M. |
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Title |
Video-feedback and information technologies |
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Book Chapter |
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2008 |
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Essentials of notational analysis |
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E & FN Spon Pub |
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I.M. Franks; M. Hughes |
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48 |
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Author |
Liebermann, D.G.; Buchman, A.S.; Franks, I.M. |
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Title |
Enhancement of motor rehabilitation through the use of information technologies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) |
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Volume |
21 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
8-20 |
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Keywords |
Biotechnology/*methods; Humans; Medical Informatics/*methods; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive/*methods; Movement Disorders/*rehabilitation; Musculoskeletal Manipulations/methods; Rehabilitation/*methods; Robotics/*methods; Therapy, Computer-Assisted/*methods |
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Abstract |
The recent development of information technologies has dramatically increased the tools available for facilitating motor rehabilitation. This review focuses on technologies which can be used to augment movement-related information both to patients as well as to their therapists. A brief outline of the motor system emphasizes the role of spinal motor neurons in the control of voluntary movement and rehabilitative efforts. Technologies which induce passive motion to stimulate spinal motor output as well as technologies that stimulate active voluntary movements are discussed. Finally, we review technologies and notational methods that can be used to quantify and assess the quality of movement for evaluating the efficacy of motor rehabilitation efforts. We conclude that stronger evidence is necessary to determine the applicability of the wide range of technologies now available to clinical rehabilitation efforts. |
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Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, University of Tel Aviv, Israel. dlieberm@post.tau.ac.il |
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0268-0033 |
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Notes |
PMID:16198463 |
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Serial |
49 |
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