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Cantergi, D.; Awasthi, B.; Friedman, J. |
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Title |
Moving objects by imagination? Amount of finger movement and pendulum length determine success in the Chevreul pendulum illusion |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
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Human Movement Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Human Movement Science |
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80 |
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102879 |
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0167-9457 |
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111 |
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Bezalel, G.; Nachoum Arad, G.; Plotnik, M.; Friedman, J. |
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Title |
Voluntary step execution in patients with knee osteoarthritis: Symptomatic vs. non-symptomatic legs |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Gait & Posture |
Abbreviated Journal |
Gait Posture |
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83 |
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60-66 |
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Accidental falls; Gait; Knee; Osteoarthritis; Voluntary step |
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BACKGROUND: Individuals with osteoarthritis fall at a greater rate than the general population, likely as a result of weakness, pain, movement limitations, and a decline in balance. Due to the high prevalence of osteoarthritis in the population, understanding the mechanisms leading to greater fall risk is an important issue to better understand. RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the influence of unilateral knee osteoarthritis on the characteristics of performing a voluntary step (i.e., similar to that performed to avoid a fall after a perturbation), compared to healthy age-matched controls? METHODS: Case-control study performed in a Health maintenance organization physical therapy clinic. The research group consisted of a referred sample of 21 patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis. The control group consisted of 22 age-matched healthy individuals. All participants were over 65 years of age. Participants were excluded if they had a surgical procedure to back or lower limb within one year before testing, oncological or neurological disease or a deficit in tactile sense. Movements were performed with and without dual tasking. MEASUREMENTS: Duration of the initiation phase (cue to step initiation), preparatory phase (step initiation to foot off) and swing phase (foot off to foot contact). RESULTS: In the preparatory phase and swing phase, the osteoarthritis group moved more slowly than the control group, and these differences were larger for forward compared to backward movements. Dual-tasking slowed responses in the pre-movement initiation stage across groups. SIGNIFICANCE: The differences in basic parameters, and the slower movements in the osteoarthritis group, are consistent with known features of osteoarthritis, being a disease commonly regarded as primarily “mechanical”, and are likely to increase fall risk. These response deficits suggest we should take advantage of advanced rehabilitation techniques, including cognitive loading, to help prevent falls in older adults with osteoarthritis. |
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Dept. Physical Therapy, Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Electronic address: jason@tau.ac.il |
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0966-6362 |
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PMID:33080457 |
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107 |
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Noy, L.; Weiser, N.; Friedman, J. |
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Title |
Synchrony in Joint Action Is Directed by Each Participant's Motor Control System |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
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Frontiers in Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Psychol. |
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8 |
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531 |
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visuomotor tracking; mirror game; intermittent control; joint action; motor control |
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In this work, we ask how the probability of achieving synchrony in joint action is affected by the choice of motion parameters of each individual. We use the mirror game paradigm to study how changes in leader�s motion parameters, specifically frequency and peak velocity, affect the probability of entering the state of co-confidence (CC) motion: a dyadic state of synchronized, smooth and co-predictive motions. In order to systematically study this question, we used a one-person version of the mirror game, where the participant mirrored piece-wise rhythmic movements produced by a computer on a graphics tablet. We systematically varied the frequency and peak velocity of the movements to determine how these parameters affect the likelihood of synchronized joint action. To assess synchrony in the mirror game we used the previously developed marker of co-confident (CC) motions: smooth, jitter-less and synchronized motions indicative of co-predicative control. We found that when mirroring movements with low frequencies (i.e., long duration movements), the participants never showed CC, and as the frequency of the stimuli increased, the probability of observing CC also increased. This finding is discussed in the framework of motor control studies showing an upper limit on the duration of smooth motion. We confirmed the relationship between motion parameters and the probability to perform CC with three sets of data of open-ended two-player mirror games. These findings demonstrate that when performing movements together, there are optimal movement frequencies to use in order to maximize the possibility of entering a state of synchronized joint action. It also shows that the ability to perform synchronized joint action is constrained by the properties of our motor control systems. |
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1664-1078 |
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84 |
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Geller, N.; Moringen, A.; Friedman, J. |
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Title |
Learning juggling by gradually increasing difficulty vs. learning the complete skill results in different learning patterns |
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2023 |
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Frontiers in Psychology |
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Front Psychol |
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14 |
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1284053 |
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coordination; difficulty; juggling; learning strategies; motor learning |
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Motor learning is central to sports, medicine, and other health professions as it entails learning through practice. To achieve proficiency in a complex motor task, many hours of practice are required. Therefore, finding ways to speed up the learning process is important. This study examines the impact of different training approaches on learning three-ball cascade juggling. Participants were assigned to one of two groups: practicing by gradually increasing difficulty and elements of the juggling movement (“learning in parts”) or training on the complete skill from the start (“all-at-once”). Results revealed that although the all-at-once group in the early stages of learning showed greater improvement in performance, the “learning in parts” group managed to catch up, even over a relatively short period of time. The lack of difference in performance between the groups at the end of the training session suggests that the choice of training regime (between all-at-once and learning in parts), at least in the short term, can be selected based on other factors such as the learner's preference, practical considerations, and cognitive style. |
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Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel |
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1664-1078 |
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PMID:38022928; PMCID:PMC10679398 |
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120 |
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Author |
Awasthi, B.; Sowman, P.F.; Friedman, J.; Williams, M.A. |
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Title |
Distinct spatial scale sensitivities for early categorisation of Faces and Places: Neuromagnetic and Behavioural Findings |
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2013 |
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Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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7 |
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91 |
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Research exploring the role of spatial frequencies in rapid stimulus detection and categorisation report flexible reliance on specific spatial frequency bands. Here, through a set of behavioural and magnetoencephalography (MEG) experiments, we investigated the role of low spatial frequency (LSF)(25 cpf) information during the categorisation of faces and places. Reaction time measures revealed significantly faster categorisation of faces driven by LSF information, while rapid categorisation of places was facilitated by HSF information. The MEG study showed significantly earlier latency of the M170 component for LSF faces compared to HSF faces. Moreover, the M170 amplitude was larger for LSF faces than for LSF places, whereas the reverse pattern was evident for HSF faces and places. These results suggest that spatial frequency modulates the processing of category specific information for faces and places. |
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1662-5161 |
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