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	Author	Prushansky, T.; Kaplan-Gadasi, L.; Friedman, J.
	Title	The relationship between thoracic posture and ultrasound echo intensity of muscles spanning this region in healthy men and women			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2023	Publication	Physiotherapy Theory and Practice	Abbreviated Journal	Physiother Theory Pract
	Volume	39	Issue	6	Pages	1257-1265
	Keywords	Ultrasound imaging; muscle echogenicity; posture; thoracic kyphosis
	Abstract	PURPOSE: Skeletal muscle echogenicity intensity (EI) is considered a measure of muscle quality, being associated with old age and pathologies. Whether EI variations can be identified in healthy adults, due to habitual shortened or elongated muscle position is unknown. Thus, this study aimed to assess the relationship between thoracic kyphosis angulation and EI scores of muscles spanning this region ((Lower Trapezius (LT), Rhomboid Major (RM), Erector Spine (ES)) in healthy young people and in addition to examine the relationship between the change in thoracic kyphosis angle from relaxed to upright position (â�� degrees ) and the EI of these muscles. METHODS: Thoracic kyphosis in relaxed and erect standing was measured using a digital inclinometer in 29 healthy adults (16 women, 13 men), aged 25-35 years. The thoracic kyphosis angles including the difference between relaxed and erect postures (â�� degrees ) were correlated to the EI scores of right and left LT, RM and ES. RESULTS: No significant differences in EI were found between the 3 muscles EI or between sides, hence they were pooled together to a total thoracic EI score (TTEI). Although the TTEI did not correlate with relaxed or erect thoracic kyphosis, it was significantly but negatively correlated with â�� degrees in the entire group: Pearson's correlation coefficient of r = -0.544; p = .01 and in men; r = -0.732; p = .01, failing to reach significance in women; r = -0.457. CONCLUSION: The negative association between the EI of the explored muscles and â�� degrees could imply a possible relationship between these muscles range of movement excursions and their composition.
	Address	Department of Physical Therapy, the Stanley Stayer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0959-3985	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:35125048			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	116
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	Author	Friedman, Jason; SKM, Varadhan; Zatsiorsky, Vladimir M.; Latash, Mark L.
	Title	The sources of two components of variance: an example of multifinger cyclic force production tasks at different frequencies			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2009	Publication	Experimental Brain Research	Abbreviated Journal	Exp Brain Res
	Volume	196	Issue	2	Pages	263-277
	Keywords
	Abstract	In a multifinger cyclic force production task, the finger force variance measured across trials can be decomposed into two components, one that affects the combined force output (“bad variance”) and one that does not (“good variance”). Previous studies have found similar time patterns of “bad variance” and force rate leading to an approximately linear relationship between them. Based on this finding and a recently developed model of multifinger force production, we expected the “bad variance” during cyclic force production to increase monotonically with the rate of force change, both within a cycle and across trials at different frequencies. Alternatively, “bad variance” could show a dependence on task frequency, not on actual force derivative values. Healthy subjects were required to produce cyclic force patterns to prescribed targets by pressing on unidimensional force sensors, at a frequency set by a metronome. The task was performed with only the index finger, and with all four fingers. In the task with all four fingers, the “good variance” increased approximately linearly with an increase in the force magnitude. The “bad variance” showed within-a-cycle modulation similar to that of the force rate. However, an increase in the frequency did not lead to an increase in the “bad variance” that could be expected based on the natural relationships between action frequency and the rate of force change modulation. The results have been interpreted in the framework of an earlier model of multifinger force production where “bad variance” is a result of variance of the timing parameter. The unexpected lack of modulation of the “bad variance” with frequency suggests a drop in variance of the timing parameter with increased frequency. This mechanism may serve to maintain a constant acceptable level of variance under different conditions.
	Address	Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1432-1106	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:19468721			Approved	no
	Call Number	Penn State @ write.to.jason @			Serial	15
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	Author	Friedman, Jason; Flash, Tamar
	Title	Trajectory of the index finger during grasping			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2009	Publication	Experimental Brain Research	Abbreviated Journal	Exp Brain Res
	Volume	196	Issue	4	Pages	497-509
	Keywords
	Abstract	The trajectory of the index finger during grasping movements was compared to the trajectories predicted by three optimization-based models. The three models consisted of minimizing the integral of the weighted squared joint derivatives along the path (inertia-like cost), minimizing torque change, and minimizing angular jerk. Of the three models, it was observed that the path of the fingertip and the joint trajectories, were best described by the minimum angular jerk model. This model, which does not take into account the dynamics of the finger, performed equally well when the inertia of the finger was altered by adding a 20 g weight to the medial phalange. Thus, for the finger, it appears that trajectories are planned based primarily on kinematic considerations at a joint level.
	Address	Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, write.to.jason@gmail.com
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1432-1106	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:19521692			Approved	no
	Call Number	Penn State @ write.to.jason @			Serial	17
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	Author	Zopf, Regine; Truong, Sandra; Finkbeiner, Matthew; Friedman, Jason; Williams, Mark A
	Title	Viewing and feeling touch modulates hand position for reaching			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Neuropsychologia	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	49	Issue	5	Pages	1287–1293
	Keywords
	Abstract	Action requires knowledge of our body location in space. Here we asked if interactions with the external world prior to a reaching action influence how visual location information is used. We investigated if the temporal synchrony between viewing and feeling touch modulates the integration of visual and proprioceptive body location information for action. We manipulated the synchrony between viewing and feeling touch in the Rubber Hand Illusion paradigm prior to participants performing a ballistic reaching task to a visually specified target. When synchronous touch was given, reaching trajectories were significantly shifted compared to asynchronous touch. The direction of this shift suggests that touch influences the encoding of hand position for action. On the basis of this data and previous findings, we propose that the brain uses correlated cues from passive touch and vision to update its own position for action and experience of self-location.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Penn State @ write.to.jason @			Serial	23
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	Author	Raveh, E.; Friedman, J.; Portnoy, S.
	Title	Visuomotor behaviors and performance in a dual-task paradigm with and without vibrotactile feedback when using a myoelectric controlled hand			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Assistive Technology	Abbreviated Journal	Assistive Technology
	Volume	30	Issue		Pages	274-280
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1040-0435	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	85
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